Sprint Swot Paper

Run Nextel Corporation SWOT Analysis Edgardo L. Cartagena Luna Management 521 University of Phoenix February 14, 2013 Sprint Nextel Corporation SWOT Analysis Background Sprint Nextel Corporation (Sprint) is an interchanges organization. The organization gives a scope of remote and wireline correspondences items and administrations to singular shoppers, organizations, government supporters and affiliates. It offers remote types of assistance on a postpaid and prepaid premise to retail endorsers and furthermore on a discount and offshoot basis.The organization showcases its postpaid administrations under the Sprint and Nextel brands, and prepaid administrations under the Boost Mobile, Virgin Mobile, and Assurance Wireless brands. The organization offers its administrations through remote systems, an all-advanced worldwide significant distance arrange and a Tier 1 Internet spine. (www. alacrastore. com, 2013) Mission Sprint’s mission is to be number one in giving a straightforwar d, moment, improving and profitable client experience. (Run Nextel Corporation, 2013). VisionSprint’s vision is to be a world class organization, with gauges by which others are estimated, including a promise to building up a world class provider base that is intelligent of the networks we serve. (Run Nextel Corporation, 2013). History Sprint's red precious stone logo spoke to the joined accomplishments of numerous amazing ancestors, including United Telecommunications, US Sprint and Centel. Each grasped a similar striking methodology that Sprint's author Cleyson Brown appeared in 1899, when the Brown Telephone Company effectively went head to head with the Bell imposing business model in Abilene, Kansas.By the mid-1970s, the organization's forceful development methodologies had immovably settled it as the country's biggest autonomous nearby phone supplier. (Run Nextel Corporation, 2013). During the 1980s Sprint drove all U. S. telecom organizations by finishing the principal across the nation, 100% computerized, fiber-optic system. It was The Company that gave America pin-drop lucidity and furthermore turned into a worldwide pioneer in voice and information administrations during the mid 90s. Run took its remote procedure a major above and beyond in the late '90s by building the main across the country PCS organize in the U. S.Meanwhile, a visionary business person named Morgan O’Brien established an organization called Fleet Net in 1987. This organization was renamed Nextel in 1993 and quickly settled itself as an across the country power in the thriving universe of remote interchanges. In September 1996, the organization presented Motorola's advancement iDEN innovation. This denoted the principal blend of improved advanced cell, two-way radio and text/numeric paging in one telephone †the celebrated Nextel telephone. (Run Nextel Corporation, 2013). By 2005 the organization was propelled as Sprint Nextel Corporation after a consolidation do ne between the two, Sprint Corporation and Nextel Corporation.Both organizations with demonstrated records of effective accomplishments were united to keep opening new entryways for clients and the business. (Run Nextel Corporation, 2013). Partners A partner is characterized as a gathering that has an enthusiasm for an endeavor or undertaking. The essential partners in a run of the mill company are its financial specialists, representatives, clients and providers. In any case, present day hypothesis goes past this ordinary thought to hold onto extra partners, for example, the network, government and exchange affiliations. (www. investopidia. com, 2013).Going forward in the conversation let’s investigate Sprints Internal and External partners. Outer Stakeholders Sprint draws in an expansive scope of Non Government Organizations (NGOs) that have understanding on explicit issues, for example, green gadgets, paper confirmation, e-squander, human rights and degree 3-discharges est imation. Each Corporate Responsibility working panel looks to set up associations with one to three NGOs and additionally financial specialist partners for discourse on the related issue just as methodology, proposed strategy, estimation and reporting.These connections have been priceless and have brought about progressively learned colleagues on the working councils and more grounded, increasingly exhaustive approaches that fuse the point of view of partner accomplices. (Run Nextel Corporation, 2013). Inward Stakeholders Sprint utilizes a multi-level Corporate Responsibility (CR) Governance Model that viably fuses all degrees of the representatives, guarantees tight linkage with their tasks and procedure, and drives responsibility for execution against their CR working needs and long haul goals.The structure incorporates the CR Steering Committee, led by CEO Dan Hesse; the CR Leadership Committee, led by Ralph Reid, VP of Corporate Responsibility; an External CR Stakeholder Panel; CR working boards of trustees; and a CR scorecard. The CR Steering Committee gives occasional updates to the Sprint Board of Directors about Sprint's progressing endeavors in the region of social duty and natural maintainability. (Run Nextel Corporation, 2013). SWOT Analysis Strength One of Sprint qualities is their Average Revenue Per Unit (ARPU).The organization has the higher ARPU inside the three biggest media transmission organizations in the U. S. A bit of leeway of 2. 6% and 2. 1% expansion over AT and Verizon’s ARPUs individually, from 2010 to 2011, put Sprint completing the 2011 financial year with a $57. 3 ARPU. These outcomes accompanied new vital plans actualized to secure the rights to offer the Apple’s notorious models of advanced mobile phones the notable Iphones. Additionally in the postpaid, continuously quarter of 2012 ARPU expanded to $63. 4 gratitude to a $10 premium information add on charge built up to all brilliant phones.The increment has been e nlisted as the best ever Sprint stage postpaid ARPU just as the best record for any significant remote organization in the U. S. (â€Å"Company Profile Sprint Nextel Corporation,† 2012) Weakness Churn rates are one of the Sprint shortcomings. These rates are the level of endorsers of the administrations that suspend their membership in a given timeframe. (Investopedia, 2013). Run being a critical organization in the U. S. remote interchanges showcase finished in 2011 with 55 million remote supporters of which 33 million are postpaid and 14. million are prepaid supporters and 7. 2 million are discount and offshoots endorsers. (â€Å"Company Profile Sprint Nextel Corporation,† 2012). During four straight years (2008-2011) Sprint lost around 8. 6 million postpaid supporters while AT and Verizon exploited and expanded their individual endorser based. Beat rates for Sprint where 0. 48% over AT and in examination with Verizon came up to 0. 59% over by 2011 monetary year. Thi s speaks to financial specialists and open that there are a few issues with administrations, gadgets or systems that make them hard to hold clients. â€Å"Company Profile Sprint Nextel Corporation,† 2012) Oportunity In this industry there is consistently a need to improve inclusion, information speeds, voice quality and to locate the most effective method of doing that. Run has an arrangement of executing a system called Sprint Vision. This cutting edge system will have the adaptability to deal with numerous innovations in only one system. One of the essential drivers for Sprints absence of development is correctly the activity of two unique systems, the in the past Sprints organize and the Nextel’s IDEN network.This plan will coordinate this two system innovations into one low working cost connect with increasingly effective methods of conveying what clients anticipate. (â€Å"Company Profile Sprint Nextel Corporation,† 2012) Threat Over the most recent few yea rs we have seen cell phones are made with more innovation and highlights. These advancements make them increasingly costly to organizations and clients. Most broadcast communications organizations appropriations the expense of this gadgets so as to make them progressively reasonable to buyers who buys in to their services.This is kind a danger for Sprint since it could put in danger the parity of development and gainfulness. For instance, during 2011 Iphones entrance and other new gadgets helped Sprints income to increment 8% or $208 millions in contrast with 2010 financial year. Meanwhile during a similar timeframe hardware sponsorships expanded 16% or $1. 1 billion. (â€Å"Company Profile Sprint Nextel Corporation,† 2010) Conclusion After 114 years of history, Sprint has demonstrated to be a creative organization and a pioneer in the broadcast communications industry.It is an organization with corporate obligation bargain that conducts organizations in a socially and natura lly dependable way. It’s dependent on the reason that an organization is considerably more than the items and administrations it sells. (Run Nextel Corporation, 2013). Run has extraordinary prospects to prevail in today’s advertise condition and increment their benefit. By utilizing what they have gained from his qualities, they can set the stage to arrive at their objectives. At the point when we took a gander at the Average Revenue Per Unit they have been making, it tends to be built up that Sprint can be more beneficial than its competitors.If it very well may be done once it very well may be done without fail. Despite the fact that, Churn rates shortcomings Sprint believability to keep up its supporters, during 2012, Sprint detailed the most minimal agitate rates ever at 1. 7%. (Run Nextel Corporation, 2013). Client support experience has expanded additionally to best ever levels. Additionally the line of gadgets like the Iphone is assisting with keeping clients up beat and faithful. (Run Nextel Corporation, 2013). Run Vision system will help to . diminish cost of tasks of the organization and will furnish clients with better services.Customers ought to be more joyful and increasingly happy with Sprint items and administrations. Benefit will likewise be less influenced by gadgets appropriations since arrange tasks will be more cost productive. Subsequent to examining all the data accumulated, it look that may

Free Essays on This Is America

This Is America â€Å"In no chance would having English as the official language meddle upon anyone’s private life, business, or everyday living. Official English applies just to the lead of government business.† - S.I. Hayakawa America today is clearly a mixture of various social orders. All over, in each city and in each state, there are Germantowns, and Chinatowns, and Greektowns. America has positively formed into one major multicultural society. With the a wide range of societies, come the a wide range of dialects too. At the point when an individual envisions the language of the United States, normally most accept that English is the national language. America, in any case, doesn't have an official language. As indicated by the Center of Immigration Studies, in excess of 300 dialects are as of now spoken in the United States (U.S. Agency of the Census). Migration in the United States is a positive occasion that can't be changed regardless of what moves are made against it. Migration, truth be told, has numerous positive impacts upon this incredible country. With the beneficial outcomes on this nation additionally come the destructive impacts. On the off chance that America needs to keep on living amica bly with the huge number of various societies, ! the initial step is make English the official language of the United States of America. Today, 1.9 billion individuals communicate in the English language; more than 33% of humankind (U.S. Authority of the Census). English is additionally the national language of numerous nations with a various of various societies remembering India and a few crowded nations for Africa. Individuals in those nations utilize English to lead normal and authority business, however they keep on communicating in a wide range of dialects also. It appears to be amusing that the United States, the land practically equal with English, doesn't have it as its official language. In those nations, the peo... Free Essays on This Is America Free Essays on This Is America This Is America â€Å"In no chance would having English as the official language barge in upon anyone’s private life, business, or everyday living. Official English applies just to the direct of government business.† - S.I. Hayakawa America today is clearly a blend of various social orders. All over the place, in each city and in each state, there are Germantowns, and Chinatowns, and Greektowns. America has positively formed into one major multicultural society. With the a wide range of societies, come the a wide range of dialects too. At the point when an individual envisions the language of the United States, normally most accept that English is the national language. America, in any case, doesn't have an official language. As per the Center of Immigration Studies, in excess of 300 dialects are as of now spoken in the United States (U.S. Agency of the Census). Movement in the United States is a positive occasion that can't be changed regardless of what moves are made against it. Migration, truth be told, has numerous positive impacts upon this extraordinary country. With the constructive outcomes on this nation likewise come the hurtful impacts. In the event that America needs to keep on living amicably with t he large number of various societies, ! the initial step is make English the official language of the United States of America. Today, 1.9 billion individuals communicate in the English language; more than 33% of mankind (U.S. Department of the Census). English is additionally the national language of numerous nations with a various of various societies remembering India and a few crowded nations for Africa. Individuals in those nations utilize English to direct normal and authority business, yet they keep on communicating in various dialects also. It appears to be unexpected that the United States, the land practically equivalent with English, doesn't have it as its official language. In those nations, the peo...

How and why do modern companies use cost accounting for sustainability Essay

How and for what reason do present day organizations use cost representing manageability Refer to at least one model - Essay Example Such is the bit of leeway that a business supervisory group gains from the utilization of cost bookkeeping. Kinney and Raiborn characterize cost bookkeeping presents a component of investigation of past, evident just as future information to find significant data on the expense of all articles that is significant for exact cost the board (4). Cost bookkeeping involves the utilization of costing just as the standards of cost bookkeeping with a focal goal to learn benefit of an organization. Costing, as a major aspect of the framework, includes guaranteeing that business learns expenses everything being equal. In the business, cost bookkeeping contrasts from money related bookkeeping. While budgetary bookkeeping presents an instrument of detailing the money related situation of an organization, cost bookkeeping is a rule that fills in as an arrangement of inward revealing of the presentation of the organization. The key job of undertaking cost bookkeeping is to give brief cost data tha t organization the executives needs to take part in arranging and as a guide for educated dynamic on organization issues. It is imperative to increase money related data before taking part in any business action. All cost articles ought to have their bunks expressed as a methods for illuminating choices. With the improvement of a few maintainability procedures, present day organizations apply cost bookkeeping in assorted manners. Manageability activities in various pieces of the world, for example, those planned for presenting sustainable power source in Europe legitimately influence the cost administration of current organizations. Present day organizations must recognize and suit the different supportability activities that keep on forming the business condition and carry genuine difficulties to their proceeded with presence and productivity. The importance of applying cost bookkeeping in supportability radiates from the need to decide the expense of the various upgrades, which an y advanced organization dispatches to fit in with maintainability prerequisites. The expense of the differing types of advancement received by organizations to start manageability ought to be under close thought through cost bookkeeping. Cost bookkeeping in maintainability involves a concise assessment the company’s execution by considering the degree of cost reserve funds that may gather from upgrades that grasp manageability, made by the organization. Cost bookkeeping, as a significant part of manageability bookkeeping, ought to consider the benefits and comes back from exercises that enhance the social and natural parts of a company’s tasks. It includes full incorporation of manageability costs in the money related tasks of present day organizations. Cost bookkeeping, as method for advancing supportability, permits organizations to pick the best and most affordable practice. The decision involves a through and point by point procedure of thought of cost and benchmar king of the proficiency of various improvement methodologies set. In each arrangement of bookkeeping data, cost the board contributes a fundamental job of giving pertinent data that is significant in the dynamic procedure. Maintainability bookkeeping is a generally late practice that most organizations embrace, notwithstanding, not as a feature of legal arrangement. Reasonable advancement has three imperative columns, all of which each company’

The 5-Minute Rule for Act Student Essay Samples

The 5-Minute Rule for Act Student Essay Samples Aiming for a high score on the ACT essay section usually means that you will need to attempt to understand precisely what the graders want. The goal, really, is to demonstrate that you may write an adequate essay in that moment, and a 10 in each domain demonstrates that just in addition to a 12 does. Though you can readily understand your score a multiple choice test, you could be left wondering what's going to earn you a nice score on the ACT essay. Figure out how to locate your ACT target score. Moreover, our English-speaking writers make sure every order has original content and a suitable structure. Therefore, if you're looking for free topic essay ideas, then you have arrived at the correct spot. However, I think this is definitely the most exacting moral code in conditions of a social context. Otherwise, it is contingent on the context. Act Student Essay Samples - What Is It? Student leadership on the opposite hand is the procedure by which an individual becomes a leader whilst still in school. The word itself is a nightmare to several students, particularly to those who dread writing. Many people think that high school entrance essays are comparatively less difficult to write than college entrance essays, that's the reason there are fewer places where you are able to get assistance with higher school entrance essays. There's no question that the ACT is essential for high school students who are considering applying to college. Because there isn't any censorship, there's no telling what sites a student can visit. For that reason, it's reasonable to say that student leadership helps an individual's career. When you're in high school, it's definite that you're expected to do a few write-ups and projects which require pen and paper. But your college essay needs to be distinctive and individual to you. Help colleges learn something about you they cannot discover when reading the remainder of your application. The Advantages of Act Student Essay Samples Some schools also need you to write more than 1 essay, and should you just assume you get to select from the 3 options when you were actually supposed to write three short essays, well that is definitely an issue. Following are some essays students may read, not just to help them see how such writing is done in real life, but also to find out more about the world around them. Hence, if you prefer to balance your academic and family pressure side-by-side, you can merely secure totally free essay samples so you may have a simple idea of writing proper essays. Understanding how to write different kinds of essays will only assist you a limited quantity. The notion is to receive essay graders to perk up just a little bit when they read your thesis and after that go in the body of your essay having a more positive attitude. Possessing good essay examples provides the reader an in-depth and on-the-court idea about what a well structured and coherent essay appears like. Last, each principal paragraph wants a conclusion of its own to tie the entire paragraph together. There are not any official requirements about the essay length, regardless, you should focus on the subsequent points which will help to pick the right length of your essay. There's several essays completed by them. This form of leadership was associated with different varieties of leadership such as political and company leadership. You must find the most suitable resources for your essay and patience when finding the most suitable inspiration to write. Don't be worried about a few of them being rather abstract their principal aim is to reveal to you the basic principles that you'll have the ability to transfer to your own writing. Writing assignment or as it's the remainder of their lives. The cost of an essay rides on the total amount of effort the writer has to exert. Admissions people usually enjoy just a little creativity, but it's a little gamble, attempts at cleverness that are not really clever tend to get reviled. Your work is to compose an essay in which you take some type of position on the prompt, all while assessing the 3 perspectives supplied in the boxes. Whenever your teacher asks you to analyze the root of the Civil War, he's going to get a great deal of essays that sound basically the exact same.

Why I Want to Study Economics - 917 Words

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The Gay Marriage Should Be Legal - 947 Words

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Manage Knowledge and Information

Question: Discuss about the Manage Knowledge and Information. Answer: Introduction Decision making is one of the important activities in every organisation that tries to remain in a sustainable position in the market. However, the effective decision-making of the organisation depends on a number of factors in which the knowledge and the information management plays a crucial role. The organisations thus employ innovative technologies that help to reach the goals of the company. In the opinion of Galliers and Leidner(2014), the appropriate management of the knowledge and the information has a positive impact on the decision making process that increases the productivity of the organisation. The project discusses the various ways of managing knowledge and information using methods such as MIS, DSS. The impact of the technology on the decision-making process of the company is also analysed in the study to understand the importance of the technologies. The study focuses on the car industry of Australia due to which the Ford Australia is chosen. The problems faced by the company while managing the knowledge and information for appropriate decision making is discussed in order to highlight the appropriate methods for addressing the issues. The changes that took place in the recent times is analysed to understand the way in which the company arrived at the decision. Ways of managing knowledge and information The knowledge and the information management in the organisation is a process that involves creatingsharing, using ad managing the knowledge and the information of the organisation. It is a multi-disciplinary approach that is employed by the organisation that helps the managers to make appropriate decisions that supports the organisational activities (Iraniet al. 2014). Based on the nature of the business and the organisation, there are a number of ways in which the organisations manages their knowledge and the information of the business. However, there are certain common methods and technologies that almost every organisation implements in order to obtain the best possible outcome for the decisions undertaken by the managers and the decision makers of the company. The organisation takes the support of the various technologies such as the MIS, DSS and EIS to make organisational decisions (Schwalbe 2015). The Decision Support System (DSS) is useful for the organisation to support the unstructured and the semi-structured decisions of the company. The DSS is characterised by incomplete or uncertain knowledge that uses the qualitative data. The DSS is beneficial to the decision makers of the company as the alternative scenarios can be easily modelled and compared. According to Park and Lee (2014), the investment decision is highly supported by the DSS technology. The Management Information System or MIS is a sophisticated reporting system that is built on the basis of the current system that is under processing. The MIS is used by the organisation to support the structured decision making of the company and the tactical management level such as the stock level or the pricing of the product. The Executive Information System (EIS) supports a various range of decision making that is unstructured in most cases. It supports the executive level of management to design high level strategic decisions. The summary data from the internal system can be effectively extracted through EIS (Doz and Prahalad 2013). Impact of the technology on the decision-making process The technology helps the decision makers by providing them with the tools to collect, analyse and evaluate the data which is required to make effective decisions. The technology has a significant impact on the decision making process as it improves the business performance through a number of ways such as follows: Centralising the data of the company The decision makers are dependent on a number of data sources within the organisation. It becomes difficult to make the appropriate decision when the data are stored in the different systems of the departments (Holsapple 2013). The technology helps to store the data in a central location reduces the difficulty and avoids unnecessary time consumption. Simplifying Data Collection The network technology further allows the company to make effective decisions on the basis of the latest information that is available from the supply chain or the market. The managers of the company are able to communicate with the members of the supply chain though secured networks to gain coordination in the decision making process and effectively balance the demand of the market with the supply of the product. Collaborative Decision-Making The collaboration of the decision making is also possible with the help of the technology. Technology can be effectively used to make joint decision while developing a new product. The videoconference facility is an effective technology that is used in the organisations in the recent days to carry out joint decisions of the company. Business problem currently faced by Ford Australia Ford Australia being one of the well-known companies in the car industries in Australia carries out knowledge and the information management in the organisation to make appropriate decisions. However, in the recent times Ford is reported to be under a heavy cloud and it plans to shut down few of its plants. It has been observed that the company is facing the maximum challenges due to the ineffective decisions that arise as a result of poor knowledge and information management (Hislop 2013). The decision of the company to close down the plants is considered as a wrong decision as operating in the market would allow the company to earn profit in the long run. As per the CEO of the company, the economies of scale of Australia are one of the challenging factors behind the low productivity of Ford. The company further decides to restrict its decision regarding the up-gradation of the operation. The reason behind such decision is that the other car industry in Australia does not manufacture enough cars that will give proper justification to the investment made by Ford to upgrade the operations (Rothaermel 2015). The company further faces other challenges that include seismic re-structuring. Ford has not used the marketing strategy that Toyota or Holden have used to increase their market productivity and profit. Both the rival companies of Ford have invested in the process of meeting the changingpreference of the customers in the case of small cars as well as SUV cars. The marketing strategies gave these companies competitive advantage that supported them to secure export market and maintain them (Ward and Peppard 2016). The ineffective strate gies of Ford are considered as one of the reasons behind the downfall of the company. Appropriate methods for addressing the issues Ford Australia have been facing maximum of its issues due to the improper decision making. Thus, to achieve effective outcome of the decision making it is important for the company to consider certain appropriate methods or strategies that will address the organisational challenges. Acknowledge and compensate for the biases The decision of the company tends to become less objective as the emotions and the biases of the managers or the other stakeholders involve in the process of decision making. Therefore, it is important to acknowledge and compensate for the biases in order to achieve the effective business decision results (Ferreiraet al. 2016). Using pro and con lists Although the use of the pro and the cons list is an old method used in the organisation, it is still one of the most effective way to address in the decision making issues and managing the knowledge and the information of the business. This is an effective option as it allows the decision makers to evaluate the entire positive as well as the negative options and thereby chose the best possible option (Motro and Smets 2012). Striping down the deciding factors This is a useful strategy when the decision making becomes difficult. In this method, the decision maker tries to limit the interruption rather than thinking of all the possibilities. It is beneficial to stripe down the deciding factors to the minimum numbers. Furthermore, eliminating the factors that are not of the primary consideration helps the managers to make better decisions and manage the knowledge and the information of the organisation effectively (Liebowitzand Frank2016). Data that is important in dealing with the knowledge and technology The data are the facts and the figures that infers something specific but are not properly organised and hence do not provide any further information related to the context. In the present market, there are different types of data that are important for the companies. There are different multimedia data such as the audio, video, images and graphics apart from text and numbers (Stadtler 2015). In the opinion of Ogiela(2015), for the automotive industry the data is not something new. The company constantly considers the data to optimise the supply chain and analyse the sales. The big data have a significant impact on the parts and the features of the car. The big data of the company helps to infiltrate every aspect of the experience of Ford. The innovation in the technology is allowing ford to deal with larger and diverse datasets. Ford uses data analytics to find efficient ways to survive in the market. The big data is important for Ford Australia as it allows the company to acquire the adequate information and knowledge needed by the company to carry out the business activities. Changes in the technology With the changing demand and the consumer behaviour, there is remarkable changes in the technologies that are useful for the organisations in dealing with the market changes. Ford started the business in 1970s with engine controls and microprocessors. With the passage of time, the products of the company have become more and more advanced and software based. The company has gained the ability to take the data, store it and analyse it to identify what value can drive up the productivity and performance of the company (Davison, Ou and Martinsons 2013). The technology has helped the company to know the easier methods of repairing the car and analyse the way in which the people are using the vehicle. The company studied the market demand and the need to bring effective changes in the business. Introduction of new car models with better technology have been considered by the company. Ford introduced the new Mustang that has been accepted by the Australians well. The Australians ordered the car twice the time as that done by the buyers in UK, despite the car market in Australia being small. The car is a right hand drive car that attracted a number of customers in Australia(Ford.com.au, 2016). The company has been able to reach the decision of launching the car with the innovation with the help of the effective knowledge and information management strategies. The strategies helped the company to consider the pros as well as the cons of the company. Conclusion The knowledge and the information management is thus one of the most crucial activity that is carried out by the company effectively. The effective management of knowledge and the information of the organisation is not only able to support the decision making of the company but also drive the productivity and revenue of the company, thereby helping the company to gain more profit. The various methods such as the MIS, DSS and EIS are effective in managing the knowledge and the information to facilitate the decision making process of the company. The technology further has a significant impact on the decision making process of the company. The efficient and the innovative technology allows the organisation to gain a competitive advantage over its competitors with the help of the appropriate decisions. While considering the knowledge and the informationmanagement of Ford Australia, it can be inferred that the company faces a number of issues that are to be effectively addressed in order to allow smooth running of the business. The methods such as acknowledging and compensating for the biases, using pro and con lists and striping down the deciding factors are effecting in addressing the issues of the company. The company has witnessed a number of changes in the recent times that has been possible with the implementation of effective technologies that allowed it to arrive at those particular decisions. References Davison, R.M., Ou, C.X. and Martinsons, M.G., 2013. Information technology to support informal knowledge sharing.Information Systems Journal,23(1), pp.89-109. Doz, Y. and Prahalad, C.K., 2013, January. Quality of management: An emerging source of global competitive advantage?. InStrategies in Global Competition (RLE International Business): Selected Papers from the Prince Bertil Symposium at the Institute of International Business, Routledge(pp. 345-368). Ferreira, F., Marques, A.L., Faria, J. and Azevedo, A., 2016. Large Project Management in the Automotive Industry: A Flexible and Knowledge Based Approach. InNew Advances in Information Systems and Technologies(pp. 455-464). Springer International Publishing. Galliers, R.D. and Leidner, D.E., 2014.Strategic information management: challenges and strategies in managing information systems. Routledge. Hislop, D., 2013.Knowledge management in organizations: A critical introduction. Oxford University Press. Holsapple, C. ed., 2013.Handbook on knowledge management 1: Knowledge matters(Vol. 1). Springer Science Business Media. Irani, Z., Sharif, A., Kamal, M.M. and Love, P.E., 2014. Visualising a knowledge mapping of information systems investment evaluation.Expert Systems with Applications,41(1), pp.105-125. Kuga F, 'Ford Australia - Our Best SUV And 4WD Range' (Ford.com.au, 2016) https://www.ford.com.au/suv/ accessed 12 November 2016 Liebowitz, J. and Frank, M. eds., 2016.Knowledge management and e-learning. CRC press. Motro, A. and Smets, P. eds., 2012.Uncertainty management in information systems: from needs to solutions. Springer Science Business Media. Ogiela, L., 2015. Advanced techniques for knowledge management and access to strategic information.International Journal of Information Management,35(2), pp.154-159. Park, J.G. and Lee, J., 2014. Knowledge sharing in information systems development projects: Explicating the role of dependence and trust.International Journal of Project Management,32(1), pp.153-165. Rothaermel, F.T., 2015.Strategic management. McGraw-Hill. Schwalbe, K., 2015.Information technology project management. Cengage Learning. Stadtler, H., 2015. Supply chain management: An overview. InSupply chain management and advanced planning(pp. 3-28). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Ward, J. and Peppard, J., 2016.The Strategic Management of Information Systems: Building a Digital Strategy. John Wiley Sons.

The Crucible Essays (904 words) - Salem Witch Trials, The Crucible

The Crucible The Crucible The Crucible written by Arthur Miller is a play that takes place in the sixteen nineties during the famous but tragic witch trials. The entire community is in pandemonium yet certain characters are also fighting internal conflicts of their own. Miller uses three characters who manifest this internal battle ever so clearly. Such as Mary Warren who whole personality turns upside down, John Proctor who contemplates between the importance of his family and his own name and Reverend Hale who battles with himself wether to carry out his job requirements or do what he knows is right. Mary Warren is a girl who is forced with this inner turmoil throughout this play. At the outset of the play she is perceived to be a very shy girl who will never speak her mind as shown when Proctor sends her home and she responds with I'm just going home. As the play continues and as she is influenced by Abigail, Mary begins to break this self induced mold and does what she wants. Mary Warren, along with many other girls gets caught up in the hype of getting all the attention and exercising power via initiating and adamantly continuing these witch trials. Finally John Proctor, the rationalist, shows that when people like Rebecca Nurse and Elizabeth Proctor who are the saintliest of people are accused of being witches, something must be wrong. Mary Warren has a difficult decision to make. She has realized that her whole way of life has been based on injustice. However, how can she extricate herself from Abigail and her friends, not to mention her new feelings of confidence. Mary decides to speak out against Abigail and the others for their false accusations and said that she tried to kill me numerous times. Yet as she does this heroic act of overcoming her old reality, Abigail pretends that Mary is also a witch using the poppets against her. Mary is now faced with yet another grueling internal conflict: to do what she knows is right and probably die for it, or to return to her old ways. Mary succumbs to Abigails hypnosis and accuses John Proctor of forcing her to lie. Clearly the battle which Mary faced from the very beginning was enormous. John Proctor a farmer and village commoner similarly is faced with an inner turmoil. He has committed adultery and had absolutely no intentions of joining in the witch trials unless his pregnant wife were to also get involved. After his wife got involved and eventually was set free due to the fact that she was pregnant feels that he can't accept this. Proctor is a good and noble man and because of this he believes at first he can't be hanged and die a martyr when he has this sin blooming over him every waking moment . John later says to Elizabeth that My honesty is broke, Elizabeth; I am no good man. Nothing's spoiled by giving them this lie that were not rotten long before and rather confess then die for something he flat out didn't do. However, as John confesses, he can not allow Danforth to make it officially documented. As Danforth asks him why John answers with a cry because it is my name. Because I cannot have another in my life . . . How may I live without my name? Have given you my soul; leave me my name(. John feels strongly about having a good name and not dying with a bad one. Proctor weighs both sides of his internal conflict and realizes that he must not make another mistake. He therefore, prescribes himself to death, not for his own sake, but rather for the sake of the others. As John dies Liz weeps saying He have his goodness now. God forbid I take it away. Another internal conflict is evident in Reverend Hale who initiates these problems. At first Reverend Hale is sure about his belief that there are witches and feels that he is carrying out the desires of God himself. Yet as the play moves on and Hale sees all these honest and good people being sentenced and executed he too sees an inner conflict. He contemplates whether to do what he is sent to

Bessie Blount Essays

Bessie Blount Essays Bessie Blount Essay Bessie Blount Essay Bessie J. Blount African-American Inventor Forensic Scientist Bessie Blount Griffin was born on November 24, 1914 in Hickory, VA, present day Chesapeake, VA. She studied at both Panzar College of Physical Education and at Union Junior College in New Jersey. Prior to being deployed as a nurse during World War II, she studied physical therapy in Chicago. During her childhood, her stubborn streak showed when at 7 she was reprimanded for writing with her left hand; she decided to learn to write with her mouth and toes instead of writing with her right hand. In 1951, she invented a self feeding device that a person with an amputation could use independently. The feeding device was designed to deliver one mouthful of food at a time, controlled by biting down on the tube. She then created a disposable emesis basin. Her invention were rejected by the American Veterans Administration. After this rejection she donated her inventions to the French Government, where her inventions were accepted and are still currently being used. In 1969, Blount studied to become a forensic scientist and went into law enforcement. She worked in Vineland, New Jersey and both Norfolk and Portsmouth, Virginia. In her capacity as a forensic scientist, she used her training to examine the authenticity of African American slave â€Å"papers† and pre-civil war documents. By 1972, she had advanced to become the Chief Document Examiner of those laboratories. In 1977, Blount became the first Black woman to train and work at Scotland Yard, because J. Edgar Hoover turned down her application to the Federal Bureau of Investigations. At 83, she had continued to run her own business. She currently serves as a consultant in â€Å"special investigations† for many law enforcement agencies, while being a member of the South Jersey chapter. According to her son, Bessie Blount still packs up her models and speaks to classes. Blount would like to but some land in Hampton Roads, Virginia, and build a place where she can spread out her lifes work and allow students to ask her questions and roam. FOR FREE. Blount has been asked to donate her inventions to several different African American museums but she has refused. She had stated that â€Å"science has no color. † â€Å"Why should [she] donate things [she] made, and theyll charge students to go see them? No. [Shell] take them to schools where kids can hold then, touch them, [she] tells them, Youre a part of history. †

The current xenophobic attacks in South Africa Research Paper

The current xenophobic attacks in South Africa - Research Paper Example The recent xenophobic violence in South Africa is believed to have erupted after some anti foreigner and hateful comments made by the Zulu King Goodwill Zwelithini, who is believed to have a considerable influence amongst the dominant Zulu ethnic group (Aljazeera, 2015). The current violence in South Africa has targeted poor migrants from the rest of the African nations like the people from Nigeria and Zimbabwe (Essa, 2015). Many of the African nations were indeed shocked at the rise of the xenophobic violence in South Africa in the recent times. In the current violence in the nation, the South African citizens targeted the foreigners scattered across varied townships around the country (Essa, 2015). This gave way to massive killing, plundering, raping and looting of the foreigners living in South Africa. It indeed showed an ugly aspect of the South African society. In these xenophobic attacks it became clear that the South African society has a xenophobic side to it. Since the fall of apartheid in 1994, South Africa aspired to become a ‘rainbow nation’, a place where nobody is discriminated against owing to one’s race or nationality. However, the current violence has shown that South Africa eventually happens to be a society where people are discriminated against owing to their race and nationality (Essa, 2015). The racial discrimination earlier targeted all the black South Africans. However, in an independent and democratic South Africa, the discrimination has found a new target, and they are the foreigners. This has once again reminded people of the days of apartheid. It has made people realize that the institutionalized racism that constituted a big force in the racist South Africa, will take much time before it dies. The xenophobic discrimination is not new to South Africa, but is a force that has been impacting the nation since the days of apartheid. The current

Global Warming Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Global Warming - Essay Example Forests remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, so when we cut them down, we allow carbon dioxide to thrive. Our drastically increasing population is also adding to the carbon dioxide, which is a result of billions of humans exhaling the gas. Of all the causes of global warming, the increasing human population is one that cannot be immediately resolved. As such, tending to the remaining factors becomes even more dire. To prevent these causes from increasing the effects of global warming, we need to create alternatives to vehicles that require fossil fuel and find construction locations that do not require cutting down entire forests. While alternate-fuel and electric vehicles are available, few people are taking advantage of them. Furthermore, little is being done to prevent the destruction of forests; we demand more buildings, and with little land available to us, we resort to destroying nature to get what we want. There are debates about policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions for two reasons. The first reason is that those who can create and enforce policies are unconvinced about global warming. Though there is evidence that global warming is taking place, many people doubt its existence. As such, they are reluctant to make changes. The second reason is that creating policies would require asking humans to alter how they live. As a technologically-thriving people, changing our vehicles or locations of construction are unappealing. Science can help resolve the debate by proving that global warming is taking place and that the longer we ignore it, the worse it will become. Science can also show how the changes required to slow global warming doesn’t mean compromising the way we live; indeed, these changes would improve not only our world, but our lives as

This Is Just to Say Essay Example for Free

This Is Just to Say Essay Out of all the poems that we have viewed in the first two weeks of class the one that caught my attention was the poem by William Carlos Williams, â€Å"This is Just to Say†. This poem was so short and so simple but seemed to be so much more than what it really is. The poem by William Carlos Williams; â€Å"This is Just to Say† is difficult to dissect. In shorter poems the perception of what it actually means I feel is harder to find. Being the poem is only 28 words and no word is over 3 syllables it seems that this was an intended note left for someone to find. This poem; This is Just to Say was written in 1934 and it is still unknown to whom or what the poem was intended for. As for I reading this poem it seems as if this was left for a lover. I have intended that this note was left for a lover because they have made the plums the center piece of the poem. Fruits in general are an exotic and forbidden form of love and they use the plums in a seductive way to the reader. I came to the generalization that the plums were not edible for the fact that the last ten words in the poem are; â€Å"forgive me they were delicious so sweet and so cold†; the sender of the poem is pleading for forgiveness for the fact of eating the frozen plums. Also the fact, that the plums were in an icebox so sweet and so cold it feels as if they were not meant for eating. The perspective I am getting from this is that they wanted to let the reader know they were there intended to leave a trace behind and not just a note. It seems as if the writer knew what they were doing and the plums were a significant meaning to the reader and that the poem took little to no time to write. The poem illustrates great detail in so little words giving you an endless amount of thought to why the sender has eaten these so sweet and so cold plums that were in the icebox. The sender seems as if they planned to write their receiver a note and had to input a secret message as to why they actually have written it. In many cases poems are about love and hidden messages that only the writer can tell you the intended meaning of it. Due to the fact that William Carlos Williams never answered the questions asked about this specific poem he wrote in 1934 his answers to all our questions will remain unknown forever.

Recall Bias in Research Design Essay -- Research Methodology

It is most likely every major text on epidemiology involved in retrospective research is influenced by recall bias. Scientists have identified recall bias to occur when accuracy of recall regarding prior exposure is different for cases versus control (RAPHAEL, 1987). The possibility for recall bias exists whenever historical self-report information is elicited from respondents (RAPHAEL, 1987). Therefore, the potential for the occurrence is likely to be greatest in case-control studies or cross-sectional studies with retrospective elements, as well as some cohort prospective and control randomized trial designs (Hassan, 2006). Since recall bias is an undesired element, intended to potentially distort the study, the initial design of research study needs to implement a proper strategy. In construction of the design, an abstract, methods and conclusion alone do not restrict recall bias. To limit the need for recall itself it would be more desirable to depend on scientific data, as is the most obvious choice. However, research does not provide us with this luxury. Thus, one method to restrict or rule out recall bias is the use of actual exposure status verified through unbiased records (RAPHAEL, 1987). Although this method is most limited as it depends on the unbiased records made available in studies. The initial formatting of questionnaires is another consideration to insure research accuracy and validity scale. A popular form is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory used in studies eliciting self-report responses (RAPHAEL, 1987). The MMPI has demonstrated successful outcomes and limited recall bias with an analytical approach to cross sectional studies. As assertive measurements to evaluate recall bias are in place, ... ...his evaluated? The valuable status collected during the initial emergency room visit presents the most usable information to this study, making this study reportable. Alcohol and drug use remain globally problematic and therefore epidemiological scientists continue to report findings of research in hopes of communicating its findings and finally the overall focus of making a change for the better. . References; BORGES, g. L.-M. (2005). A CASE-CONTROL STUDY OF ALCOHOL AND SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS AS RISK FACTORS FOR NON-FATAL INJURY. Oxford Journals , 257-262. Hassan, E. (2006). Recall Bias can be a Threat to Retrospective and Prospective Research Designs . . The Internet Journal of Epidemiologyâ„ ¢ ISSN: 1540-2614 . RAPHAEL, K. (1987). Recall Bias: A Proposal for Assessment and Control. International Journal of Epidemiology , 167-171.

Coyote Blue Chapter 12~13

CHAPTER 12 Cruelly Turn the Steel-Belted Radials of Desire Crow Country – 1973 In the six years since his vision quest Samson had endured almost daily interpretations of the vision by Pokey Medicine Wing. Again and again Samson insisted that it wasn't important, and again and again Pokey forced the boy to recall his experience on the mountain in detail. It was Pokey's responsibility as a self-proclaimed medicine man to bring meaning to the symbols in the vision. Over the years, as Pokey read new meanings, he tried to change his and Samson's lives to fit the message of the medicine dream. â€Å"Maybe Old Man Coyote was trying to tell us that we should turn our dreams into money,† Pokey said. With this interpretation, Pokey dragged Samson into a series of entrepreneurial ventures that ultimately served no purpose except to confirm to the people of Crow Country that Pokey had finally gone full-bore batshit. The first foray into the world of business was a worm ranch. Pokey presented the idea to Samson with the same blind faith with which he told Old Man Coyote stories, and Samson, like so many before him, was captivated with the idea of turning religion into money. Pokey's eyes were lit up with liquor and firelight as he spoke. â€Å"They are building that dam up on the Bighorn River. They tell us that we will prosper from all the people who will come to the reservation to fish and water-ski on the new lake. That's what they told us when they put the Custer Monument here, but whites opened stores and took all the money. This time we will get our share. We'll grow worms and sell them for fishing.† They had no lumber to build the worm beds, so Pokey and Samson went to the Rosebud Mountains and cut lodgepole pines, which they brought down by the pickup load. Through a whole summer they hauled and built until the Hunts Alones' five acres was nearly covered with empty worm beds. Pokey, convinced that their success depended on getting a jump on other prospective worm ranchers, instructed Samson to tell everyone who asked that they were building corrals to hold tiny horses that they were raising for the Little People that lived in the mountains. â€Å"It's easier to keep a secret if people think you're crazy,† Pokey said. With the beds finished, they were faced with the problem of filling them. â€Å"Worms like cow shit,† Pokey said. â€Å"We can get that for free.† Indeed, had Pokey asked any of the ranchers in the area, they would have let him haul away all the manure he needed, but because most of the ranchers were white and Pokey did not trust them, he decided, instead, that he and Samson would steal the cow pies in the dead of night. So it began: sunset, Samson and Pokey driving the old pickup into a pasture, Pokey driving slowly along while Samson followed on foot with a shovel, scooping piles into the bed of the truck, then the two of them stealing away with their reeking load to dump it in the worm beds, then out again. â€Å"The Crow have always been the best horse thieves, Samson,† Pokey said. â€Å"Old Man Coyote would be proud of the trick we have played on the ranchers.† Pokey's enthusiasm mystified Samson, who couldn't muster the same self-satisfaction at stealing something that nobody wanted. Nevertheless, after a month of pasture raids the beds were full and they drove to the bait store in Hardin to buy their breeding stock: night crawlers and red worms, five hundred each. Pokey burnt sage and sweet grass and prayed over the beds and they released the worms into the beds of manure. Then they waited. â€Å"We shouldn't disturb them until spring,† Pokey said, but many nights Samson spotted him sneaking out to one of the beds with a trowel, turning over a patch, then skulking away. One night Samson was sneaking out with his own trowel when he saw Pokey on his knees with his face pressed to a bed. He stood up when he sensed the boy behind him. â€Å"You know what I was doing?† Pokey asked. â€Å"No,† Samson said, hiding his trowel behind his back. â€Å"I was listening to the sound of money.† â€Å"You have shit on your ear, Pokey.† From that time forward they were both more careful about their nocturnal progress checks, but neither found worm one. They waited through the cold Montana winter, sure that come spring they would be waist deep in worms and money. Never mind the fact that Yellowtail Dam wouldn't be completed for two more years. After the thaw they marched to the beds together, shovels in hand, to turn over their squirming horn of plenty, but shovel after shovel turned up empty. Into the third bed they began to panic and were wildly slinging shit in the air when Harlan pulled up. â€Å"Digging for horses?† he asked. â€Å"Worms,† Pokey shouted, lifting the veil of secrecy with a single word. â€Å"Where did you get the manure?† â€Å"Around,† Pokey said. â€Å"Around where?† â€Å"The ranches on the res.† Harlan began to laugh and Samson was afraid for a moment that Pokey would brain him with the shovel. â€Å"You were trying to grow worms?† â€Å"Old Man Coyote told us to,† Samson said defensively. â€Å"We let go a thousand worms in here to breed so we could sell 'em to fishermen.† â€Å"I guess Old Man Coyote didn't tell you that cattle ranchers put a wormer in their cattle feed, huh?† â€Å"Wormer?† Pokey said. â€Å"That manure was poison to your worms. They were probably dead ten minutes after you put them in there.† Samson and Pokey looked at each other forlornly, the boy's lower lip swelling with disappointment, the man's temples throbbing with pain. Some people believe that hard work is its own reward and a job well done is a tribute to a man's character; fortunately, none of those people were around or they would have been ducking shovel blows. Pokey and Samson decided to get drunk. Harlan stayed on to coach the boy through his first hangover and run interference with Grandma, who would have skinned the two men had she known they were giving liquor to a twelve-year-old. It was the end of summer, a summer spent in sulking and speculating, before Pokey brought home the goats. He'd obtained the pair, a male and a female, from a dubious source in a Hardin bar by winning a bet that had something to do with a pineapple, a throwing knife, and a waitress named Debbie. Samson had difficulty putting the story together from Pokey's drunken ravings, but he gathered that because Debbie had survived, and the pineapple had not, Pokey had two goats on his hands. â€Å"We could breed 'em and sell 'em for meat,† Pokey said. â€Å"But I got a better idea. Them lawyers and doctors are flying into Montana from the city and paying a thousand bucks a head to shoot bighorn sheep. I say we go to the airport in Billings and wait for one of them to get off a plane, then tell 'em they can come to the res and shoot one for two – three hundred. I can be the faithful Indian guide and lead them all over hell and back, and you can take the goats up into the mountains and tie them up where they can shoot 'em.† Despite Samson's objections that even a city lawyer might know the difference between a bighorn sheep and a nanny goat, Pokey insisted that come morning they would be on the road to riches. Come morning, however, when Samson went outside to look at the goats he found them lying on their backs, legs shot stiff to the sky with rigor mortis, dead as stones. In his excitement Pokey had tied the goats next to a patch of hemlock, and the goats, perhaps sensing what was planned for them, munched their last meal and joined the ranks of Socrates. Not all of Pokey's quests for spiritual capitalism were complete failures. He and Samson made a little money with the ;authentic; Indian fry-bread taco stand they set up outside of the Custer Battlefield National Monument, until the health department objected to the presence of marmot and raccoon meat in their all-beef tacos. And they did make forty dollars selling eagle feathers to tourists (actually the feathers of two buzzards that had dined on tainted goat carcass), which they used to buy marijuana seeds that produced a respectable crop of grape-sized casaba melons. (Harlan referred to this as the magic beans incident.) And finally, while Samson was busy with school and basketball and a developing obsession with girls, Pokey turned to prostitution and made five bucks from the owner of the Hardin 7-Eleven who paid the shaman to take his sandwich sign and go stand somewhere else. Samson was fifteen by the time Pokey decided that perhaps they were not meant to turn their dreams into money. Once again he sat the boy down in the kitchen to recount the vision. â€Å"Pokey, I don't even remember much of the vision, and besides, how important could it be? I was only nine.† Samson's friend Billy Two Irons was waiting outside to drive them to a  «forty-nine » party at the Yellowtail Dam and Samson was not in the mood to be cross-examined about an event that he was trying desperately to leave behind, along with the rest of the trappings of childhood. â€Å"Do you know why the Crow never fought the white man?† Pokey asked gravely. â€Å"Oh, fuck, Pokey, not now. I've got to get going.† â€Å"Do you know why?† â€Å"No. Why?† â€Å"Because of the vision of a nine-year-old boy. That's why.† As much as Samson wanted to leave, he had spent too many years listening to the Cheyenne and Lakota call his people cowards to walk out now. â€Å"What boy?† he asked. â€Å"Our last great chief, Plenty Coups. When he was nine he went on his first fast, just like you. He cut pieces from his skin and suffered greatly. Finally, his vision came, and he saw the buffalo gone and then he saw the white man's cattle covering the plains. He saw white men everywhere, but he saw none of our people. The medicine chiefs heard his vision and said that it was a message. The Lakota and the Cheyenne had fought the white men and lost their lands. The vision meant that if we fought the white men we would lose our land and be wiped out. Our chiefs decided not to fight and the Crow survived. We are here because of the vision of a nine-year-old boy.† â€Å"That's great, Pokey,† Samson said, having gained nothing useful from the story. He was not going to quell any ridicule from non-Crows by telling them that his people had changed their way of life over a mystical vision. It was hard enough trying to live down the reputation of his crazy uncle as it was. â€Å"I have to go now.† He grabbed the drum that Pokey had made him and took off through the living room, high-stepping over his eight younger cousins, who were sprawled on the floor watching cartoons on televsion. â€Å"‘Bye, Grandma,† he tossed over his shoulder to his grandmother, who sat in a tattered easy chair among the kids, adding the final touches to a beaded belt she was making for him. In front of the Hunts Alone house a tall, acne-speckled Billy Two Irons was pouring a jug of water into the radiator of a twenty-year-old Ford Fairlane. Most of the water was draining out of the bottom of the engine onto the ground at his feet. â€Å"That thing going to make it up to Yellowtail?† Samson called. â€Å"No problem, bro,† Billy said without looking up. â€Å"I got twenty milk jugs of water in the backseat for the trip up. Coming home's downhill most of the way.† â€Å"You fix the exhaust leak?† â€Å"Yep, tomato can and a hose clamp. Works fine as long as you keep the window down.† â€Å"How about the brakes?† Samson was staring over Billy's shoulder into the greasy cavern of the engine compartment. Billy capped the radiator and slammed the hood before he answered. â€Å"You let it coast down to about ten miles an hour and throw it in reverse it'll stop on a dime.† â€Å"Then let's do it.† Samson jumped into the car. Billy threw the empty milk jug into the backseat, climbed in, and began cranking the engine. Samson looked back to the house and saw Pokey coming out the front door waving at them. â€Å"Hit it, man,† Samson said. â€Å"Let's go.† The car finally fired up just as Pokey reached the window. He shouted to be heard over the din of the damaged muffler. â€Å"You boys watch out for Enos, now.† â€Å"We will, Pokey,† Samson said as they pulled away. Then he turned to Billy Two Irons. â€Å"Is Anus working nights again?† Anus was the name they used for Enos Windtree, a fat, meanspirited half-breed BIA cop who liked nothing better than to terrorize kids partying at some remote spot on the res. Once, at a forty-nine party near Lodge Grass, Samson and Billy and nearly twenty others were drinking and singing with the drums when Samson heard a distinct, sickening series of mechanical clicks right by his ear: the sound of a twelve-gauge shell being jacked into a riot gun. When he turned to the noise Enos hit him in the chest with the butt of the gun, knocking him to the ground. Then Enos shot the lights and windshields out of two cars before sending everyone on their way. When Samson told the story, people just said he was just lucky Enos hadn't hit him in the face, or shot somebody. There were rumors that it had happened before. And people were dying on the Lakota r eservation at Pine Ridge, killed by the tribal police in what amounted to a civil war. â€Å"Enos works whenever he can find someone to fuck with,† Billy said. â€Å"I'd like to hang that fat fuck's scalp from my lodgepole.† â€Å"Oooooo, brave warrior, heap big pissed off,† Samson chided in pidgin – speaking Tonto, they called it. â€Å"You telling me you wouldn't want to see Anus's head through a rifle scope?† â€Å"Yeah, if I thought I could get away with it. But a rifle would be too quick.† For an hour and a half, between stops to add water to the radiator, they theorized on the best way to do away with Enos Windtree. When they finally arrived at the party it had been decided that Enos should have his entire body abraded with a belt sander and a two-inch hole saw slowly driven through his skull with a drill press. (Samson and Billy had just finished with their first year of shop class and were still fascinated by the macabre potential of every power tool they had used; this fascination, of course, was fed by their shop teacher, a seven-fingered white man who described in detail every accident that had mangled, mutilated, or murdered some careless shop student since the turn of the century. The teacher had been so successful in instilling respect for the tools in the boys that Billy Two Irons had taken to skipping two classes after shop to mellow out and would have had a nervous breakdown had Samson not finished building his friend's birdhouse for him.) Billy pulled the Fairlane slowly onto the dam and up to a dozen cars that were parked haphazardly on the three-hundred-foot structure. He threw the car into reverse and gunned the engine until the transmission screamed in protest and the car stopped in a jerking, squealing mechanical seizure. Samson was out of the car in an instant and a warm wind coming off the newly formed reservoir washed over him with the scent of sage. Twenty people were gathered at the rail of the dam, beating drums and singing a song of heartbreak and betrayal in Crow. Samson scanned the faces in the moonlight, recognizing and dismissing each until he spotted Ellen Black Feather, and smiled. She was wearing jeans and a T-shirt. Her long hair was blowing in a black comet tail behind her, her shirt was wrapped tight around her in the wind, and Samson noticed, to his delight, that she was braless. She saw Samson and returned his smile. It was perfect. Just as he had envisioned it on a dozen nights while he lay in the dark with his cousins sleeping around him. They would sing and drink for a while, maybe smoke a joint if somebody had one, then he and Ellen would finish the evening in the backseat of the Fairlane. He walked to Ellen and sat beside her on the rail of the dam, oblivious to the three-hundred-foot drop behind him. As he started to beat his drum and sing he looked back to the car to see Billy adding water to the radiator. It suddenly occurred to him that if he were going to enjoy the favors of Ellen Black Feather in the back of Billy's car, it would be a good idea to move the twenty jugs of water first. He excused himself with a pat on her knee and returned to the car. â€Å"Billy, help me get these jugs into the trunk.† â€Å"They're all empty, don't worry about them.† â€Å"I'm going to need the space. Just open the trunk, okay?† Billy handed him the car keys. â€Å"Hunts Alone, you are a hopeless horndog.† Samson grinned, then took the keys and ran around to the back of the car. He was loading his first armload of jugs into the trunk when he heard a car pass by and the singing abruptly stopped. Samson looked up to see the green tribal police car stopping in the middle of the partiers, some thirty yards away. â€Å"Fuck. It's Anus,† Billy said. â€Å"Let's get out of here.† â€Å"No, not yet.† Samson eased the trunk lid down and joined Billy at the front of the car. They watched Enos Windtree climb out of the car and reach back in for his nightstick. The partiers stood stock-still, as if they were standing near a rattlesnake that would strike at the first movement, but their eyes were darting around looking for possible lanes of escape. All except for Ernest Bulltail, the biggest and meanest of the group, who met Enos's gaze straight on. â€Å"This is an illegal gathering,† Enos rasped as he swaggered up to Ernest. â€Å"You all know it, and I know it. The fine is two hundred dollars, payable right now. Cough it up.† Enos punctuated his demand by driving the end of his nightstick into Ernest's solar plexus, doubling the big man over. Ernest made an effort to straighten up and Enos hit him across the face with the nightstick. One of the other men stepped forward but froze when Enos dropped his hand to the Magnum strapped to his hip. â€Å"Now for my fine,† Enos said. â€Å"Fuck you, Anus!† someone screamed, and Samson's heart sank as he realized that it was Ellen. Enos turned from Ernest and started for the girl. â€Å"I know how you're going to pay up,† Enos said to Ellen with a leer. Samson knew he had to do something, but he wasn't sure what. Billy was tugging on his sleeve, trying to get him to go, but he was fixated on Enos and Ellen. Why hadn't they brought a weapon? He moved to the back of the car and opened the trunk. â€Å"What are you doing?† Billy whispered. â€Å"Looking for a weapon.† â€Å"I don't have a gun in the car.† â€Å"This,† Samson said, holding up a tire iron. â€Å"Against a three fifty-seven? Are you nuts?† Billy grabbed the tire iron and wrenched it out of Samson's hand. Samson was almost in tears now with frustration. He looked back up the dam to see Enos, his gun at Ellen's head, putting his free hand under her shirt. Samson pushed Billy aside, then reached into the trunk and pulled out the spare tire. He began creeping up the dam, cradling the heavy spare in his arms. The others watched him, eyes wide with fear. Ten yards away from Enos he started running, the tire held out in front of him. â€Å"Enos!† Samson shouted. The fat policeman pulled away from Ellen and was bringing up his gun to fire when the tire hit him in the chest and drove him back over the railing. Samson followed, tumbling halfway over the rail before someone caught the back of his shirt and tugged him back. He didn't turn to see who it was, he just stared over the railing at the dam wall that disappeared into the darkness two hundred feet below. The others joined him at the rail and several minutes passed before the stunned silence was broken by Billy Two Irons. â€Å"I just had that spare fixed,† he said. Part 2 The Call to Action CHAPTER 13 Forget What You Know Crow Country – 1973 Of all the people who had seen Enos go over the side of the dam, only Billy Two Irons seemed to have avoided a state of stunned silence. While the others were still staring over the edge into the darkness, Billy was already formulating a plan to save his friend. â€Å"Samson, come here.† Samson looked back at Billy. He was beginning to shiver with unused adrenaline; a look of dreamy confusion had come over him. Billy put his arm around Samson's shoulders and led him away from the railing. â€Å"Look, Samson, you're going to have to run.† A moment passed and Samson did not answer until Billy jostled him. â€Å"Run?† â€Å"You have to get off the res and not come back for a long time, maybe never. Everyone here is going to think that they're going to keep this a secret, but when the cops start kicking ass, your name is going to come out. You've got to go, man.† â€Å"Where will I go?† â€Å"I don't know, but you have to. Now go get in the car. I'm going to try and raise some money.† Grateful that someone was thinking for him, and because he didn't know what else to do, Samson followed Billy's instructions. He sat in the car and watched his friend going from person to person on the dam collecting money. He closed his eyes and tried to think, but found that there was a movie running on the back of his eyelids: a slow-motion loop of a fat cop with a spare tire in his face going backward over a rail. He snapped his eyes open and stared, unblinking, until they filled with tears. A few minutes later Billy threw a handful of bills on the front seat and climbed in the car. â€Å"I told them you were going to hide out in the mountains and I was getting money for supplies. You should be able to get a long way before the cops figure out that you're not on the res. There's about a hundred bucks here.† Billy started the car and drove off the dam toward Fort Smith. â€Å"Where are we going?† Samson asked. â€Å"First we have to stop and fill up these jugs with water. I'll take you to Sheridan and you can catch a bus there. I don't trust this car to go any further. If we break down in the middle of nowhere you're fucked.† Samson was amazed at his friend's ability to think and act so quickly. Left to himself he knew he would still be staring over the dam wondering what had happened. Instead he was on his way to Wyoming. â€Å"I should go home and tell Grandma that I'm going.† â€Å"You can't. I'll tell them tomorrow. And once you're gone you can't call or write either. That's how the cops will find you.† â€Å"How do you know that?† â€Å"That's how they caught my brother,† Billy said. â€Å"He wrote a letter from New Mexico. The FBI had him in two days after that.† â€Å"But†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Look, Samson, you killed a cop. I know you didn't mean to, but that won't matter. If they catch you they'll shoot you before you get a chance to tell what happened.† â€Å"But everyone saw.† â€Å"Everyone there was Crow, Samson. They won't believe a bunch of fucking Indians.† â€Å"But Enos was Crow – part Crow, anyway.† â€Å"He was an apple, only red on the outside.† Samson started to protest again but Billy shushed him. â€Å"Start thinking about where you're going to go.† â€Å"Where do you think I should go?† â€Å"I don't know. You just need to disappear. Don't tell me where you're going when you figure it out, either. I don't want to know. You could try and pass for white. With those light eyes you might pull it off. Change your name, dye your hair.† â€Å"I don't know how to be white.† â€Å"How hard can it be?† Billy said. Samson wanted to talk to someone besides Billy Two Irons, someone who didn't make as much sense: Pokey. He realized that for all his craziness, all his ravings, all his drinking and ritual mumbo jumbo, Pokey was the person he most trusted in the world. But Billy was right: going home would be a mistake. Instead he tried to imagine what Pokey would say about escaping into the white world. Well, first, Samson thought, he would never admit that there was a white world. According to Pokey there was only the world of the Crow – of family and clans and medicine and balance and Old Man Coyote. The white man was simply a disease that had put the Crow world out of balance. Samson tried to look into the future to see where he would go, what he would do, but any plans he had ever made – and there hadn't been many – were no longer valid, and the future was a thick, white fog that would allow him to see only as far as the bus station in Sheridan, Wyoming. He felt a panic rising in his chest like a scream, then it came to him: this was just a different type of Coyote Blue. He was trying to look into the future too far and it was ruining his balance. He needed to focus on right now, and eventually he would learn what he needed to know when the future got to him. What did Pokey always say? â€Å"If you are going to learn, you need to forget what you know.† â€Å"Don't use all your money for the bus ticket,† Billy said. â€Å"Once you get out of the area you can hitchhike.† â€Å"Did you learn all this when your brother got in trouble?† â€Å"Yeah, he writes me letters from prison about what he did wrong.† â€Å"He put a bomb in a BIA office. How many letters can that take?† â€Å"Not that. What he did wrong to get caught.† â€Å"Oh,† Samson said. Two hours later Samson was climbing on a bus headed for Elko, Nevada, carrying with him everything he owned: twenty-three dollars, a pocketknife, and a small buckskin bundle. He took a window seat in the back of the bus and stared out over the dark countryside, really seeing nothing, as he tried to imagine where he would end up. His fear of getting away was almost greater than his fear of being caught. At least if he were caught his fate would be in someone else's hands. After an hour or so on the road Samson sensed that the bus was slowing down. He looked around for a reaction from the other passengers, but except for an old lady in the front who was engrossed in a romance novel, they were all asleep. The driver downshifted and Samson felt the big diesel at his back roar as the bus pulled into the passing lane. Out his window he saw the back of a long, powder-blue car. As the bus moved up Samson watched the big car glide below him, seeming to go on forever. He saw the back of the driver's head, then his face. It was the fat salesman from his vision. Samson twisted in his seat, trying to get a better look as they passed. The salesman seemed to see him through the blackout windows of the bus and raised a bottle of Coke as if toasting Samson. â€Å"Did you see that?† Samson cried to the old lady. â€Å"Did you see that car?† The old lady turned to him and shook her head, and a cowboy in the next seat groaned. â€Å"Did you see who was in that car?† Samson asked the bus driver, who snickered and shook his head. The cowboy in the next seat was awake now and he pushed his hat from over his eyes. â€Å"Well, son, now that you got me wetting myself in suspense, who was in the car?† â€Å"It was the salesman,† Samson said. The cowboy stared at him for a second in angry disbelief, then pushed his hat back over his eyes and slid back down in his seat. â€Å"I hate fucking Mexicans,† he said.

Essay on The International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2392 Words

The International Monetary Fund, is an international organization established in 1945 as part of the United Nation system. Its creation was conceived at Bretton woods, to â€Å"†¦regulate the rates at which currencies were exchanged among member countries; and it would help ensure international stability by making loans at times of crisis in member countries’ balance of payments.† Since its creation, the IMF have gain enormous power in the international community, specially influencing the economic policies of third world countries. Currently, the IMF have 35 member countries with advance economy or emerging markets, and approximately 153 countries with developing economies; for a total of 188 member countries. Developing countries†¦show more content†¦The paper will argue that during the implementation of the program, the IMF is successful in creating some sort of economic improvement, yet the problems remerge after the program is officially concluded. 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